Approximately 3% of the population is affected by diabetes. Increases in the blood glucose concentration (hyperglycaemia) occur when there is a lack of naturally produced insulin in the body. There are two main types of diabetes, Type 1 (Insulin Dependent) which affects those with damage to certain cells in their pancreas and usually occurs for individuals in their teens. Insulin injections must be administered regularly. Type 2 (Non-Insulin
Dependent) diabetics do not necessarily have to inject insulin
and often has a later onset (50+ years). It can be controlled  through good diet and with the occasional use of tablets.

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Any diabetic should have their internal eye health checked annually using pupil dilation in conjunction with retinal camera photography.

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These images will be archived for future comparison. The diabetic retina characteristically shows a progression of circumstances including different types of “exudates”, “haemorrhages”, “cotton wool spots” and ultimately end-stage retinal detachment. Although, with good blood glucose regulation most diabetics can prevent significant eye damage.

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While the partial treatment offered (photocoagulation) can be effective, the best means of prevention is accomplished solely through good diabetic respect and frequent eye assessment.